2nd World Congress on Wind & Renewable Energy June 14-15, 2018 Park Inn by Radisson Heathrow, London, UK

A wind farm or wind park is a group of wind turbines in the same location used to produce electricity. A large wind farm may consist of several hundred individual wind turbines and cover an extended area of hundreds of square miles, but the land between the turbines may be used for agricultural or other purposes. A wind farm can also be located offshore. Many of the largest operational onshore wind farms are located in Germany, China and the United States. For example, the largest wind farm in the world, Gansu Wind Farm in China has a capacity of over 6,000 MW of power in 2012 with a goal of 20,000 MW by 2020. The Alta Wind Energy Centre in California, United States is the largest onshore wind farm outside of China, with a capacity of 1,020 MW. As of April 2013, the 630 MW London Array in the UK is the largest offshore wind farm in the world, followed by the 504 MW Greater Gabbard wind farm in the UK.

New floating wind turbine concepts are being developed and demonstration projects provide the first steps towards small generating arrays comprising a handful of turbines. This in turn will spark further research and innovation, and provide insight into how to combine technologies and further optimize designs. Floating wind turbine technology offers a new opportunity to provide clean energy to countries and coastal regions with deep water coastlines. The multi-patented wind turbine without blades is able to capture the kinetic wind energy by 'vortex shedding' and transform it into electricity. This new technology seeks to overcome issues related to traditional wind turbines such as maintenance, amortization, noise, environmental impact, logistics, and visual aspects.

Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that is collected from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat. Renewable energy often provides energy in four important areas: electricity generation, air and water heating/cooling, transportation, and rural (off-grid) energy services. Sustainable energy is energy obtained from non-exhaustible resources. By definition, sustainable energy serves the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

Wind energy is a clean and renewable source of energy which can be utilized in meeting the increasing demand for electrical energy. International Energy Agency (IEA) has identified it as key element to reduce fossil fuel dependency and helpful tool to combat global warming. But thera are some challenges & issues that are faced in promoting wind energy power plants including social, environmental and techno-economic impacts.

Energy access is about providing modern energy services to everyone around the world. These services are defined as household access to electricity and clean cooking facilities.
Alternative energy is any energy source that is an alternative to fossil fuel. These alternatives are intended to address concerns about such fossil fuels, such as its high carbon dioxide emissions, an important factor in global warming. Marine energy, hydroelectric, wind, geotherma land, solar power are all alternative sources of energy.

Hydropower, or hydroelectric power, is the most common and least expensive source of renewable electricity in the United States today. According to the Energy Information Administration, more than 6% of the country's electricity was produced from hydropower resources in 2008, and about 70% of all renewable electricity generated in the United States came from hydropower resources. Ocean Energy is a world leader in Innovative Renewable Energy within the wave energy industry. Wave technology is one of the most exciting areas of untapped energy potential and Ocean Energy have developed ground breaking technology to harness the power of the ocean.

Solar energy is the cleanest, most abundant renewable energy source available. The U.S. has some of the world’s richest solar resources. Today's technology allows us to harness this resource in several ways, giving the public and commercial entities flexible ways to employ both the light and heat of the sun. Solar energy can be deployed through distributed generation (DG), whereby the equipment is located on rooftops or ground-mounted arrays close to where the energy is used. Some solar technologies can also be built at utility-scale to produce energy as a central power plant.

Bioenergy is renewable energy made available from materials derived from biological sources. A biofuel is a fuel that is produced through contemporary biological processes, such as agriculture and anaerobic digestion, rather than a fuel produced by geological processes such as those involved in the formation of fossil fuels, such as coal and petroleum, from prehistoric biological matter.

One of the biggest drawbacks with modern solar power devices is their efficiency even the most advanced devices only absorb a fraction of the incoming solar radiation, and can only a fraction of that radiation is converted into electricity. Most solar power generators in use today are solar cells, which use long, thin crystals of silicon to convert sunlight into an electric potential. These can absorb a maximum of about 48 percent of incoming solar radiation, about half of which can be converted into electricity. However, recent studies have shown that nanotechnology could be able to dramatically increase the absorptivity of solar cells, by replacing the crystalline silicon in solar cells with nanostructured silicon.

Graphene is a material that has gathered tremendous popularity in recent years, due to its extraordinary strength and light weight. It can be generated by literally peeling it off from graphite, or by growing it on top of various materials, which makes its production cost-effective. Studies have hinted that graphene can also be used as a photovoltaic material, turning light into electricity. A new study has revealed that tweaking graphene allows it to generate two electrons for every photon of light it receives. This could double the amount of electricity currently converted in photovoltaic devices. 

Waste-to-energy or energy-from-waste is the process of generating energy in the form of electricity and/or heat from the primary treatment of waste. Waste to energy is a form of energy recovery. Most wate to energy processes produce electricity and/or heat directly through combustion, or produce a combustible fuel commodity, such as methane, methanol, ethanol or synthetic fuels.

Energy conservation refers to the reducing of energy consumption through using less of an energy service. Energy conservation differs from efficient energy use, which refers to using less energy for a constant service. Energy conservation and energy efficiency are both energy reduction techniques. Even though energy conservation reduces energy services, it can result in increased environmental quality, nation security, personal financial security and higher savings. It is at the top of the sustainable energy hierarchy. It also lowers energy costs by preventing future resource depletion.

Renewable energy commercialization involves the deployment of three generations of renewable energy technologies dating back more than 100 years. First-generation technologies, which are already mature and economically competitive, include biomass, hydroelectricity, geothermal power and heat. Second-generation technologies are market-ready and are being deployed at the present time; they include solar heating, photovoltaic, wind power, solar thermal power stations, and modern forms of bioenergy. Third-generation technologies require continued R&D efforts in order to make large contributions on a global scale and include advanced biomass gasification, hot-dry-rock geothermal power, and ocean energy.

The environmental impact of electricity generation is significant because modern society uses large amounts of electrical power. This power is normally generated at power plants that convert some other kind of energy into electrical power. Each system has advantages and disadvantages, but many of them pose environmental concerns.

Energy development is the field of activities focused on obtaining sources of energy from natural resources. These activities include production of conventional, alternative and renewable sources of energy, and for the recovery and reuse of energy that would otherwise be wasted. Energy conservation and efficiency measuresreduce the demand for energy development, and can have benefits to society with improvements to environmental issues.