Day 3 :
- Track-2: Wind Turbines Instrumentation
Track-6: Renewable & Sustainable Energy
Track-7: Solar Power Technology
Session Introduction
Martin Jackubowski
Seawind Ocean Technology, Netherlands
Title: Seawind 6- The Complete Offshore wind energy system to lower the CoE
Biography:
Martin Jakubowski is a serial entrepreneur active in the renewable energy sector since the late 80s. He has developed, built and operated hydropower plants and onshore wind farms in several European countries and set up green energy distribution companies among which Good Energy Plc in the UK, listed at the London Stock Exchange. In 2008 he installed with his long term partner Silvestro Caruso the world’s first floating wind turbine in the Italian Southern Adriatic Sea with Blue H. Since then he is developing the complete offshore wind energy system based on a proprietary two-bladed wind turbine technology.
Abstract:
Seawind Ocean Technology has developed a complete offshore wind energy system to bring the LCoE below 9 cents reducing CAPEX and OPEX and extending the life-time of the system to 30+ years. Seawind uses a two-bladed wind turbine head with an elastic teetering hinge, which prevents that the moments coming from the rotor action can reach the drive train. The drivetrain of the Seawind 6 only sees rotor torque, no bending moments and no gyroscopic momentum as the elastic hinge eliminates the gyroscope, which a wind turbine with a ridged rotor represents. This enables the Seawind 6 wind turbine to control the power of the turbine simply by yawing, not by pitching blades, reducing the complexity of the wind turbine. The elastic rotor coupling also reduces drastically fatigue and ultimate loads on rotor, drivetrain and the entire turbine structure. The Seawind 6 is designed for 25 years of lifetime and will operate 30+ years in the rough sea environment with a lifetime extension program due to very low fatigue values. The two-bladed configuration opens up assembly and installation methods based on sinking of the entire unit at the site, rather than constructing the offshore wind turbine at sea. Installation of the system and any maintenance operation do not require heavy and costly crane vessels or jack-ups. The system is designed to allow for maintenance and operation on board and has a double access: via sea and via the strong helideck for double engine helicopters mounted on the self-sustaining steel nacelle body.
Martin Jackubowski
Seawind Ocean Technology, Netherlands
Title: Seawind 6- The Complete Offshore wind energy system to lower the CoE
Biography:
Martin Jakubowski is a serial entrepreneur active in the renewable energy sector since the late 80s. He has developed, built and operated hydropower plants and onshore wind farms in several European countries and set up green energy distribution companies among which Good Energy Plc in the UK, listed at the London Stock Exchange. In 2008 he installed with his long term partner Silvestro Caruso the world’s first floating wind turbine in the Italian Southern Adriatic Sea with Blue H. Since then he is developing the complete offshore wind energy system based on a proprietary two-bladed wind turbine technology.
Abstract:
Seawind Ocean Technology has developed a complete offshore wind energy system to bring the LCoE below 9 cents reducing CAPEX and OPEX and extending the life-time of the system to 30+ years. Seawind uses a two-bladed wind turbine head with an elastic teetering hinge, which prevents that the moments coming from the rotor action can reach the drive train. The drivetrain of the Seawind 6 only sees rotor torque, no bending moments and no gyroscopic momentum as the elastic hinge eliminates the gyroscope, which a wind turbine with a ridged rotor represents. This enables the Seawind 6 wind turbine to control the power of the turbine simply by yawing, not by pitching blades, reducing the complexity of the wind turbine. The elastic rotor coupling also reduces drastically fatigue and ultimate loads on rotor, drivetrain and the entire turbine structure. The Seawind 6 is designed for 25 years of lifetime and will operate 30+ years in the rough sea environment with a lifetime extension program due to very low fatigue values. The two-bladed configuration opens up assembly and installation methods based on sinking of the entire unit at the site, rather than constructing the offshore wind turbine at sea. Installation of the system and any maintenance operation do not require heavy and costly crane vessels or jack-ups. The system is designed to allow for maintenance and operation on board and has a double access: via sea and via the strong helideck for double engine helicopters mounted on the self-sustaining steel nacelle body.
Nasser. M. Tandjaoui
University of Bechar, Algeria
Title: The role of STATCOM to Power Quality Improvement in wind Energy System Integration
Biography:
Nasser. M. Tandjaoui is working as a professor in the Departement of technology, University of Bechar, Algeria.
Abstract:
The renewable energy plays an important role to provide electrical energy other than conventional sources. Wind power is one of the renewable energy sources used to minimize the environmental impact on conventional plant; it is one of the fastest growing sources of energy in the world. However, when the wind power is connected to an electric grid may cause problems important in terms of power quality. The effects of the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behaviour of switching operations. The paper study demonstrates the power quality problem due to installation of wind turbine with the grid. In this paper, we propose a study of the importance use of STATCOM when it installed in a wind farm. The STATCOM is connected at a point of common coupling to mitigate the power quality issues. Simulation studies are carried out in the MATLAB/Simulink environment to examine the performance of the wind farm with and without the STATCOM for improving Power Quality of wind farms connected to electrical network.
Deependra Singh
Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, India
Title: Outlook of Grid-Integrated Wind Energy Conversion Systems
Biography:
Dr. Deependra Singh has completed his PhD at the age of 32 years from Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow India and postdoctoral studies from University of Roorkee; Roorkee Uttarakhand, India. He is the Professor of Electrical Engineering Department, a premier Government Autonomous Institute. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and conferences.
Abstract:
The growing trends in wind energy technology are motivating the researchers to work in this area with the aim towards the optimization of the energy extraction from the wind and the injection of the quality power into the grid. Efficient utilization of the wind energy has been an important issue. As a result, VSWT systems with the power electronics interfaces have increasingly drawn the interest of WT manufacturers. It is possible to increase the controllability of the WTs with the use of power electronics, which is a major concern for their integration into the power grid. This topic covers a concise overview of the grid-integrated WECSs. It covers the trends in converter topologies, control methodologies, and methods for maximum energy extraction in PMSG based WECSs, which have been reported in various research literatures primarily in reputed research journals and transactions during last few years. The back-to-back converter topology, which nowadays is state-of-the-art among power converter topologies used in WECSs, can be used as a reference so as to set a benchmark to the implementation of other converter topologies keeping in view the requirement of active switches and auxiliary components along with their ratings, the harmonic performance and the converter efficiency. As the power capacity of WTs is increasing, a trend towards the use of multilevel converter topologies in WECSs can be observed. While comparing the MSC and GSC control strategies, it can be concluded that the FOC and VOC control strategies are better as adapted; whereas, the DTC and DPC control strategies might be preferred so as to achieve high dynamic performance. It presents an overview to the grid interconnection issues related to output power smoothing and reactive power control in addition to fault-ride-through (FRT) and grid support capabilities of PMSG based WECSs. Moreover, looking at a glance towards the technology trends and status of research, it can be visualized that the two-level back-to-back converter and the diode rectifier based topologies; FOC and VOC methodologies; ORB and HCS based MPPT algorithms being the most researched concepts for PMSG based VSWTs. It is also recognized that the FRT capability of PMSG based WECSs being the most investigated grid-interconnection issue. After all, this topic is expected to be useful for not only the researchers working in the area of grid-integrated PMSG based WECSs but also the commercial manufactures and designers of the same.
Ehsan Ali
National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakisthan
Title: Wind–water hybrid system for power generation using still waters
Biography:
Dr. Eshan Ali is currently working as a associate Professor in Center of Advanced Studies in Energy,National University of Sciences and Technology,Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Abstract:
The demand for fresh water resources is accelerating with the increasing population trends, the planners and policy makers have great concern with the depleting fresh water resources to meet the scarcity in coming future. Global warming is also a documented threat and causing sea level rise with the extra flow of water from glaciers through rivers. Hydro power is usually produced using flowing water from elevated level to the lower level, and sometimes water needs to be passed through the dams without any consideration if it is required for irrigation or not. Here, an innovative approach is presented to produce electricity using still/standing water in dams, lakes or ponds. The focal point of the report is to establish a wind–water hybrid system for power generation and recycling of same water without directing it towards oceans. This technology can be helpful to produce electricity from still waters, to use wind turbines in low windy areas and to promote existing tidal energy technologies.
Sri Niwas Singh
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
Title: Estimation of Grid Harmonics in the Presence of Renewable Energy Sources
Biography:
Dr Singh has obtained his Ph. D. in Electrical Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur in 1995. Presently, he is a Professor at IIT Kanpur, India. Before joining IIT Kanpur as Associate Professor, Dr Singh worked with Indian utility for 8 years and with AIT Bangkok, IIT Roorkee for 7 years. Dr Singh received several awards from India and abroad. Prof Singh is receipt of Humboldt Fellowship of Germany (2005, 2007) and Otto-monsted Fellowship of Denmark (2009-10). Prof Singh has published more than 400 papers in International/national journals/conferences. His research interests include electricity market, FACTS, power systems operation & control, power quality, wind power, etc. Prof Singh is FNAE, FIE (I), FIETE (I), FIET (UK), SM IEEE (USA). He is IEEE Region 10 Conference and Technical Seminar Coordinator 2015-2016.
Abstract:
Developments in the power electronics converter technology and control methodologies have been accelerated many folds in recent years and have made possible for the renewable energy sources (RESs) interconnection to the utility grid. Penetration of RES into the electric power system is growing rapidly across the globe owing to its environment friendly and several other important characteristics. The use of power electronics devices for interconnection of RES have resulted in severe harmonics pollution. Harmonics, apart from creating problems of equipments overheating, noise and communication interference at customer end, also increase the reactive power requirement of converters, damage filter capacitances, disturb controller functioning, increase losses in cables/transformers /machines, etc., and introduce unwanted torque harmonics in the rotating machines. The estimation of harmonics has become very important for design, analysis, tariff, control and monitoring purposes. Fourier transform based harmonics analyzer are available for the measurement of harmonics spectrum, however, it suffers from many limitations. As a result, intensive research has been focused on harmonics measurement and estimation in the recent years. This presentation briefly covers some of the important techniques of power system harmonics estimation along with scope and future challenges.
Saeed Zolfaghari
Amirkabir University of Technology, Iran
Title: Determination of Efficient Constraint for Wind Farm Penetration to the Power Systems Using a Cost/Risk Analysis
Biography:
Saeed Zolfaghari Moghaddam has received the B.Sc. degree in electronic engineering from Iran University of Science and Technology in 2006 and M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from Tehran University in 2009. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree at the Amirkabir University of Technology in electrical engineering. His current research interests include wind farm modeling, wind farm planning, power system planning and operation and power system reliability.
Abstract:
Recently, there is a prompt growth in wind energy exploitation due to its remarkable merits. In the other hand, intermittent and uncertain nature of the wind energy remains as a main obstacle in efficient utilization of this type of energy which could affect lots of problems related to power systems involved wind power. Determining the optimum penetration capacity of wind farms is an important problem in power system expansion planning or in a power system which the total capacity of its conventional units are given. To solve this problem, two schemes could be used as a constraint to limit the wind farm’s capacity which are: 1) the maximum capacity of the wind farm is equal to a certain percentage of total existent conventional units, 2) the maximum utilizable power of the wind farms is equal to a certain percentage of the peak load. This paper by using a Cost/Risk analysis shows that the second scheme is more preferred. Monte Carlo Simulation method has been used to show the uncertainty of wind speed which is modeled by using Weibull distribution. Applying two mentioned schemes, the optimum penetration capacity of wind farm to a power system with definite conventional power units is planned. To do the risk analysis, different mean values are considered for wind speed and the total operational cost and penalty value of the power system is calculated. Numerical analyses conducted on the IEEE 24-bus RTS system. The obtained results are discussed in depth.
- Young Researchers Forum
Session Introduction
Ioannis Bouras
The University of Sheffield, UK
Title: The effect of grid resolution on large – eddy – simulations for the atmospheric boundary layer
Biography:
Ioannis Bouras is a year 2 PhD student in the Energy Group in the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University of Sheffield. Mr. Bouras completed his MSc in CFD course from the School of Engineering in Cranfield University in 2013. His main research area is on the atmospheric boundary layer investigating inflow generation techniques for LES/DNS and turbulence maintenance techniques throughout the atmospheric boundary layer.Ioannis Bouras is a year 2 PhD student in the Energy Group in the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University of Sheffield. Mr. Bouras completed his MSc in CFD course from the School of Engineering in Cranfield University in 2013. His main research area is on the atmospheric boundary layer investigating inflow generation techniques for LES/DNS and turbulence maintenance techniques throughout the atmospheric boundary layer.
Abstract:
Air flow around a building has been simulated by employing LES and Smirnov’s inflow generation technique. Accurate inflow data for LES are of paramount importance in order to obtain reliable results for the air velocity and turbulence levels. Otherwise, the flow shows a laminar behavior regardless of the Reynolds number and it requires several characteristic lengths to be recovered. Further, the initialization of the flow is among the top problems in wind engineering. In large eddy simulations, velocity and turbulence profiles provide detailed information which are necessary for the wind resource assessment of wind turbines or wind farms that are positional at any height throughout the atmospheric boundary layer from any commercial CFD software. One of the biggest problems with LES is that the turbulence throughout the inlet of the computational domain must be fully prescribed. The present work shows the characteristics of the flow around a building by employing Smirnov’s random flow generation technique for the inflow generation data. This study is a part of the European Project New innovative solutions, components and tools for the integration of wind energy in urban and peri-urban areas (acronym SWIP, project no. 608554). The building is located in Saragossa in Spain, where a wind turbine will be installed. The energy spectrum is analyzed at different locations in the computational domain and the velocity fluctuations generated initially at the inlet and throughout the entire domain are proven to maintain the turbulence within the entire computational domain. This is also confirmed by the distribution of normal and shear Reynolds stresses throughout the domain. Finally, the present work illustrates the effect of the grid resolution on the results.
Tomasz Szafranski
Military University of Technology, Poland
Title: Development and Strutural Numerical Analysis of Light Shell with Frame Diffusor
Biography:
Tomasz Szafranski received the BEng degree in 2013 and the MSc degree in mechanical engineering in 2015 from Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland. He is currently a PhD candidate in the Department of Mechanics and Applied Computer Science, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland. His areas of interest are renewable energy in terms of structural design, numerical modelling and simulation.
Abstract:
This paper presents development of a light shell diffuser with a frame intended for a small wind turbine (rated power of 3kW). The concept was created as an attempt to reduce the mass of the diffuser made of glass fibre composites which are the most commonly used materials for such applications nowadays. The geometrical shape of the diffuser, developed at Technical University of Lodz, was based on computed fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations considering turbine efficiency optimization for low wind speed conditions. The authors focused on developing an overall structural design, as well as detailed technical solutions (stiffener struts, connections, material forming issues). Subsequently, static structural finite element analysis was performed in order to assess stiffness and stress distribution. In this case, load conditions include pressure field from the CFD analysis and gravitational forces. The obtained results lead to a conclusion that the designed aluminium shell frame diffuser may be an alternative option for a composite diffuser. Moreover, the developed structure is characterised by lower mass and comparable stiffness to its composite counterpart. It is worth mentioning that, lighter diffusers allow a use of lighter supporting structures, such as towers or guyed masts. This fact may contribute to reducing the overall costs of future small wind turbines and could potentially be very beneficial for the market of privately owned small wind turbines. The study was supported by the National Centre for Research and Development in Poland within project “STOW” - Small Wind Turbine Optimized for Wind Low Speed Conditions. This support is gratefully acknowledged.
Michał Tomaszewski
Military University of Technology, Poland
Title: One and Double Sided Coupling Methods for Structural Analysis of Wind Power Blades
Biography:
Michał Tomaszewski has received the BEng degree in 2013 and the MSc degree in mechanical engineering in 2015 from Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland. He is currently a PhD candidate in the Department of Mechanics and Applied Computer Science, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland. His areas of interest are renewable energy in terms of computational fluid dynamics, numerical modelling and simulation.
Abstract:
Recent years were marked by increasing interest in harnessing renewable energy sources. Programs are made to popularize natural energy sources such as: solar energy, ocean waves, river water flow or wind. Great financial investments are made for wind power plants. Wind turbines as energy source were used for centuries, with the difference of converting the wind energy into mechanical energy. With years their construction and use changed, but the basic principle remained the same. Swift progress of numerical methods allowed constructors to determine how the construction will work even before prototyping. Issues with analyzing wind turbines are far from simple. Wind is a product of pressure differences. The turbine’s rotor is subjected to pressure causing strain in the construction. To simulate this, CFD software is required to create wind flow analysis. Such analysis provides us with knowledge about pressure distribution affecting the rotor’s blades and visualizes the flow line. To find out how much the blade will bent however, a structural analysis is required. Presented in the paper are analyses made with two different methods of coupling – one-sided and double-sided. A small wind turbine fitted with diffuser to increase the wind speed in front of the rotor was used in both analyses. A process of building the flow domain to most accurately reproduce the actual flow will be presented. The study was supported by the National Centre for Research and Development within project “STOW” - Small Wind Turbine Optimized for Wind Low Speed Conditions. This support is gratefully acknowledged.